I think it is probably because people use the word allergy for a side effect like nausea or diarrhoea.

Cefazolin is generally considered safe in patients with Penicillin allergy because it lacks a similar side chain structure to Penicillins.

It surprised me that it is now allowed to be used in patients < 8yrs and does not cause tooth problems if used for a short time. This is from the just updated "Therapeutic Guidelines".

It can cause Stevens Johnson Syndrome.

Amoxycillin 15mg/kg orally q8hrs or Amoxycillin 30mg/kg q12hr orally for 5 days is recommended in the subgroup of children where antibiotics are indicated.

Children with acute otitis media and a cochlear implant is such a subgroup. There are other subgroups such as those who are immunosuppressed.

Bit of a trick question. He used to be on the "paper" $50 note but is not on the new polymer banknote.

Nitrofurantoin 100mg orally q6hr for 5 days is recommended for both pregnant and non pregnant women.

Drinking plenty or fluids, using urine alkalinisers and taking simple analgesics also assist.

Mupericin ointment (Bactroban) is for simple non recurrent cases where there are 2 or less sores.

You can use use Dicloxacillin instead of Flucloxacillin at the same dose. If the lesions have cleared by 3 days of antibiotic therapy guidelines say you can stop the antibiotic course at that point. (Image thanks to Melanie Palm MD, MBA)

Both cats and dogs oral flora contain Pasteurella species. Without antibiotic prphylaxis between 30 to 50% of cat bites seen in the Emergency Department will get infected. Cat bites tend to go deep because of their sharp teeth.

It is an anaphylactoid reaction (not like immune mediated anaphyaxis) . It occurs from Histamine release from the degranulation of mast cells. The patient can get chest tightness and become hypotensive.

It can be difficult to tell from anaphylaxis but here there is no angioedema, stridor or wheeze.

Stop the infusion. Give antihistamines and fluids IV. Usually settles in 20mins.

Used to be called "red man syndrome" now called "Vancomycin infusion reaction".

Amoxycillin and Keflex is about half my quoted price. Nitrofurantoin is just over double. These prices are PBS (you get if you have a Medicare card) but not concession rates (eg Pensioner).